FLOWER - HUMA ARHAM NOTE BOOK

Flower is the part of a plant that blossoms. Flowers produce seeds that can become new plants. Most plants, including many trees, grow some kind of flower.

As popularly used, the term “flower” especially applies when part or all of the reproductive structure is distinctive in color and form.

Perfect Flower: that has male and female structures in one flower. Imperfect Flower: the flower that does not have both male and female structures. 

Stamen: male structure of the flower. Anther: part of the stamen that contains pollen. Flowers are an important means of attracting pollen substances to plants, and plants need to produce seeds, the reproductive structures that allow seeds to exist for generations.

 Flowers can also protect growing seeds and successfully pass genetic material to the next generation. There are three primary kinds of flowers: Annuals, Perennials, and Biennials. 

In addition, there is the fourth type of flower that behaves both in annuals and perennials like a hybrid. Also, there are two more kinds of flowers namely shrub flowers and tree flowers.

Rare flowers can be those that only bloom under specific conditions or are found at specific destinations under the right ecological conditions or are only rarely found growing in the wild. 

The rose is considered the most beautiful flower in the world, which is why it's called the “queen of the garden.” It's one of the most popular flowers worldwide, and it comes in different sizes and colors.

Annuals

Annuals are plants that complete their life cycle in one year. They germinate, grow, bear fruits, and die off within a year. Generally, all herbs and plants belonging to the grass family exhibit this type of life cycle. Mustard, watermelon, corn, lettuce wheat, are a few examples of annual plants.

Biennials

Biennials are plants that complete their life cycle in two years. They germinate, and develop a root system, stem, and leaves in the first year. Later in their second year, they yield flowers and bear fruit. A few herbs are also classified as biennials, including spinach. Along with spinach and other herbs, biennials also include carrots, cabbage, petunias radish, onions, etc.

Perennials

Perennials are plants that complete their life cycle in more than two years. Once they grow, they start to bear flowers, and produce fruits, and seeds and the cycle continues for a longer period of time. They do not die after bearing fruits but renew their parts, season after season. Along with a few shrubs, trees are all classified into perennials. For Eg., tomatoes, ginger, banana, mango, coconut, palm, banyan, etc.

Functions of a Flower

The important functions of flowers are mentioned below:

1. Gametophytes develop in the flowers.

1. The flowers can produce diaspores without fertilization.

1. After fertilization, the ovary of the flower develops into a fruit containing a seed.

1. The most important function of flowers is reproduction. They help in the union of male and female gametes.

1. Flowers provide nectar to certain birds and insects, which in turn help in the transfer of pollen from one flower to the other.

1. Flowers may promote selfing, i.e., the union of sperms and eggs from the same flower, or cross-fertilization, i.e., the union of sperms and eggs from different flowers.