Huma Arham Note Book

What is Ecology? Ecology is a branch of science, including human science, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere. Ecology is the study of organisms, the environment, and how the organisms interact with each other and their environment. It is studied at various levels, such as organisms, populations, communities, biosphere, and ecosystems. An ecologist’s primary goal is to improve their understanding of life processes,  adaptations and habitats , interactions, and biodiversity of organisms.  If the ecology in an area is unhealthy, or worse, dies because there are no living organisms in the area, the environment will change to make it inhospitable for many other organisms to survive there. The easiest way to look at it is that animals shape the plants, and the planets shape the landscape. Without animals, certain plants would grow unchecked, out-competing other plants. If the plants that grow unchecked don’t include enough plants with roots, the soil will be vulnerable to erosio

Morphology - definition Morphology  is a branch of  biology  dealing with the study of the form and structure of  organisms  and their specific structural features. It is  the study of the size, shape, and structure of animals, plants, and microorganisms and of the relationships of their constituent parts . The term refers to the general aspects of biological form and arrangement of the parts of a plant or an animal. The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek  μορφή , meaning "form", and  λόγος  meaning "word, study,  the concept of form in biology dates back to Aristotlethe field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and independently by the German anatomist Karl Friedrich Burdach who was a  physiologist.  Among other important theorists of morphology are Lorenz Oken, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Richard Owen, Karl Gegenbaur, and Ernst Haeckel. Divisions of morphology Comparative morphology is the analysis of the patterns o

Did you know the history of Cinderella?  HISTORY Cinderella was based on a real person, Rhodopis, a Greek hetaera (or courtesan) who was rumored to be an acquaintance of Aesop. A slave to Xanthes, her master eventually brought her to Egypt where, depending on who's telling the story, she was freed for a large sum of money by a merchant named Charaxus, or married the King of Egypt (the woman is fascinating and carries with her several tall tales, which you can read about at Wikipedia). It is with the latter rumor about Rhodopis's fate that the earliest version of the Cinderella fable appears. The contemporary Greek historian Strabo relates this fantastic tale. Variants of this story began to appear throughout the world. The story of Yeh-Shen is, according to Heidi Anne Heiner, author of Cinderella Tales From Around The World and the website SurLaLune Fairytales, "the oldest known Cinderella tale recorded in China," and indeed the first true Cinderella tale since it fea

  Plant reproduction Plant reproduction is the production of new offspring in plants, which can be accomplished by sexual or asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction produces offspring by the fusion of gametes, resulting in offspring genetically different from either parent. Asexual reproduction produces new individuals without the fusion of gametes, resulting in clonal plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant and each other, unless mutations occur.  Asexual reproduction Asexual reproduction does not involve the production and fusion of male and female gametes. Asexual reproduction may occur through budding, fragmentation, spore formation, regeneration, and vegetative propagation. Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction where the offspring comes from one parent only, thus inheriting the characteristics of the parent. Asexual reproduction in plants occurs in two fundamental forms, vegetative reproduction, and agamospermy.  Vegetative reproduction involves a vege

Flower is the part of a plant that blossoms. Flowers produce seeds that can become new plants. Most plants, including many trees, grow some kind of flower. As popularly used, the term “ flower ” especially applies when part or all of the reproductive structure is distinctive in color and form. Perfect Flower: that has male and female structures in one flower. Imperfect Flower: the flower that does not have both male and female structures.  Stamen: male structure of the flower. Anther: part of the stamen that contains pollen. Flowers are an important means of attracting pollen substances to plants, and plants need to produce seeds, the reproductive structures that allow seeds to exist for generations.  Flowers can also protect growing seeds and successfully pass genetic material to the next generation. There are three primary kinds of flowers: Annuals, Perennials, and Biennials.  In addition, there is the fourth type of flower that behaves both in annuals and perennials like a hybrid. A